Critical Materials takes a case-study approach, describing materials supply-chain failures from the bronze age to present day. It looks at why these failures occurred, what the consequences were, and how they were resolved. It identifies key lessons to guide responses to current and anticipated materials shortages at a time when the world’s growing middle class is creating unprecedented demand for manufactured products and the increasingly exotic materials that go into them. This book serves as a guide to materials researchers and industrial end-users for finding effective approaches to shortages of specialty materials.
The lessons in the book are also appropriate to those who use materials and for those involved in manufacturing supply-chain management and industrial design.
Critical Materials takes a case-study approach, describing materials supply-chain failures from the bronze age to present day. It looks at why these failures occurred, what the consequences were, and how they were resolved. It identifies key lessons to guide responses to current and anticipated materials shortages at a time when the world’s growing middle class is creating unprecedented demand for manufactured products and the increasingly exotic materials that go into them. This book serves as a guide to materials researchers and industrial end-users for finding effective approaches to shortages of specialty materials.
The lessons in the book are also appropriate to those who use materials and for those involved in manufacturing supply-chain management and industrial design.
1. Why are we worried? The rare earth crisis and its impacts2. This is not new. A short history of supply-chain failures3. Assessing the Risks4. Impacts. What changed when supply crises happened?5. Mitigating Criticality, part I. Technology Substitution6. Mitigating Criticality, part II. Material Substitution7. Mitigating Criticality, part III. Source Diversification8. Mitigating Criticality, part IV. Reuse and Recycling9. Tactical Responses to Crises and Strategies for Avoiding Them
Alex King is a professor of Materials Science and Engineering at
Iowa State University. He earned his doctorate from Oxford
University and did his post-doc work at both Oxford University and
MIT. He went on to join the faculty at the State University of New
York at Stony Brook, where he also served as the Vice Provost for
Graduate Studies (Dean of the Graduate School). He was the Head of
the School of Materials Engineering at Purdue from 1999 to 2007.
From 2008 until 2013 he was the Director of DOE’s Ames Laboratory
and became the Founding Director of the Critical Materials
Institute from 2013 through 2018.
Dr. King is a Fellow of the Institute of Mining Minerals and
Materials; ASM International; and the Materials Research Society.
He was also a Visiting Fellow of the Japan Society for the
Promotion of Science in 1996 and a US Department of State Jefferson
Science Fellow for 2005-06. He served as the President of MRS in
2002, Chair of the University Materials Council of North America
from 2006-07, Co-chair of the Gordon Conference on Physical
Metallurgy in 2006, and Chair of the APS Interest Group on Energy
Research and Applications for 2010. Dr. King was named the
recipient of the 2019 Acta Materialia Hollomon Award for Materials
and Society.
Alex King delivered a TEDx talk on critical materials in 2013 and
was the TMS & ASM Distinguished Lecturer on Materials and Society
in 2017. He is currently a scientific adviser for Harvard’s
Material Alchemy (described as “translating science into commercial
products that use sustainable materials) and a member of the
Advisory Board of CHiMaD (the Center for Hierarchical Materials
Design, funded by the Department of Commerce, and led by
Northwestern University).
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