Beginning in the 1830s, the white actor Thomas D. Rice took to the stage as Jim Crow, and the ragged and charismatic trickster of black folklore entered--and forever transformed--American popular culture. < i> Jump Jim Crow< /i> brings together for the first time the plays and songs performed in this guise and reveals how these texts code the complex use and abuse of blackness that has characterized American culture ever since Jim Crow's first appearance. < /p> < p> Along with the prompt scripts of nine plays performed by Rice--never before published as their original audiences saw them--W. T. Lhamon Jr. provides a reconstruction of their performance history and a provocative analysis of their contemporary meaning. His reading shows us how these plays built a public blackness, but also how they engaged a disaffected white audience, who found in Jim Crow's sass and wit and madcap dancing an expression of rebellion and resistance against the oppression and confinement suffered by ordinary people of all colors in antebellum America and early Victorian England. < /p> < p> Upstaging conventional stories and forms, giving direction and expression to the unruly attitudes of a burgeoning underclass, the plays in this anthology enact a vital force still felt in great fictions, movies, and musics of the Atlantic and in the jumping, speedy styles that join all these forms.
Beginning in the 1830s, the white actor Thomas D. Rice took to the stage as Jim Crow, and the ragged and charismatic trickster of black folklore entered--and forever transformed--American popular culture. < i> Jump Jim Crow< /i> brings together for the first time the plays and songs performed in this guise and reveals how these texts code the complex use and abuse of blackness that has characterized American culture ever since Jim Crow's first appearance. < /p> < p> Along with the prompt scripts of nine plays performed by Rice--never before published as their original audiences saw them--W. T. Lhamon Jr. provides a reconstruction of their performance history and a provocative analysis of their contemporary meaning. His reading shows us how these plays built a public blackness, but also how they engaged a disaffected white audience, who found in Jim Crow's sass and wit and madcap dancing an expression of rebellion and resistance against the oppression and confinement suffered by ordinary people of all colors in antebellum America and early Victorian England. < /p> < p> Upstaging conventional stories and forms, giving direction and expression to the unruly attitudes of a burgeoning underclass, the plays in this anthology enact a vital force still felt in great fictions, movies, and musics of the Atlantic and in the jumping, speedy styles that join all these forms.
Preface List of Illustrations Introduction: An Extravagant and Wheeling Stranger Lateral Sufficiency Gumbo Cuff and the New York Desdemonas Change the Joke and Slip the Stereotype The Phases of Jim Crow's Runaway Stage Songs "Coal Black Rose" "The Original Jim Crow" "Jim Crow, Still Alive!!!" "Dinah Crow" "Jim Crow" (London) "De Original Jim Crow" "Jim Crow" (Boston) "All de Women Shout Loo! Loo!" "Clare de Kitchen" "Gombo Chaff" "Sich a Gitting Up Stairs" "Jim Crack Corn, or the Blue Tail Fly" "Settin' on a Rail, or, Racoon Hunt" Plays Oh! Hush! or, The Virginny Cupids! Virginia Mummy Bone Squash Flight to America The Peacock and the Crow Jim Crow in His New Place The Foreign Prince Yankee Notes for English Circulation Otello Street Prose "Life of Jim Crow" "A Faithful Account of the Life of Jim Crow the American Negro Poet" Notes Acknowledgments Index
In the developing field of Atlantic proletarian studies, and the associated study of minstrelsy and the minstrel stage, Jump Jim Crow is a milestone. Lhamon's discovery of and scholarship upon the songs and plays is admirably painstaking and in many ways groundbreaking. He has made it easier to imagine this early stage of minstrelsy as a confluence of free-floating vernacular material with the local struggles among urban proto-classes; cliques, gangs, parties, and publics in the 1820s and 30s. He has, in other words, built foundations under Constance Rourke's intuition of sixty years ago that Jim Crow belongs with Crockett and Fink on the frontier - literally and figuratively - of the market revolution. Much of what has been theorized or imagined about the popular culture of the 1830s and 40s from Rourke onwards emerges with new freshness and clarity in these texts, and some that has not yet been either theorized or imagined. -- Robert Cantwell, author of Bluegrass Breakdown and When We Were Good. Scholars are belatedly coming to realize that minstrelsy is the source of much that we value in American vernacular music and much that we abhor in views that many white Americans have held and still hold toward African Americans. If we are to begin to understand either of these consuming issues, we must address minstrelsy. The topic is, in brief, of immense social, political, and cultural importance. Lhamon is the first to do full justice to the life, work, and politics of T.D. Rice, the most important early blackface minstrel, and his book is the first to collect in one resource extant plays and lyrics by Rice, many of which Lhamon has rediscovered. This book makes an important and impressive contribution to the field. -- Dale Cockrell, author of Demons of Disorder and Pasticcio and Temperance Plays in America.
W. T. Lhamon, Jr., is Emeritus Professor of English at Florida State University and Lecturer in American Studies at Smith College.
Lhamon’s new Jump Jim Crow: Lost Plays, Lyrics, and Street Prose of
the First Atlantic Popular Culture is a monumental labor of textual
reconstruction matched by a long and extraordinary
introduction.
*The Believer*
Lhamon provides a superb follow-up to his outstanding Raising Cain:
Blackface Performance from Jim Crow to Hip Hop. This study focuses
on the character of Jim Crow (a ‘cultural collage’) as evolved
largely by actor Thomas D. Rice (1806–1860), before the meaning of
the name became chiseled in stone… At the heart of the book are
expertly and thoroughly edited texts of thirteen songs, nine plays
(including the never-published Otello), and two street prose
versions of Jim Crow’s life. These, along with illustrations and a
perceptive, many-layered, and lengthy analytical introduction, make
for the most complete offering of primary sources and criticism
available to lead readers toward an understanding of these complex
texts, their coding, and the controversial figure of Jim Crow.
*Choice*
In the developing field of Atlantic proletarian studies, and the
associated study of minstrelsy and the minstrel stage, Jump Jim
Crow is a milestone. Lhamon’s discovery of and scholarship upon the
songs and plays is admirably painstaking and in many ways
groundbreaking. He has made it easier to imagine this early stage
of minstrelsy as a confluence of free-floating vernacular material
with the local struggles among urban proto-classes; cliques, gangs,
parties, and publics in the 1820s and ’30s. He has, in other words,
built foundations under Constance Rourke’s intuition of sixty years
ago that Jim Crow belongs with Crockett and Fink on the
frontier—literally and figuratively—of the market revolution. Much
of what has been theorized or imagined about the popular culture of
the 1830s and ’40s from Rourke onwards emerges with new freshness
and clarity in these texts, and some that has not yet been either
theorized or imagined.
*Robert Cantwell, author of Bluegrass Breakdown and When
We Were Good*
Scholars are belatedly coming to realize that minstrelsy is the
source of much that we value in American vernacular music and much
that we abhor in views that many white Americans have held and
still hold toward African Americans. If we are to begin to
understand either of these consuming issues, we must address
minstrelsy. The topic is, in brief, of immense social, political,
and cultural importance. Lhamon is the first to do full justice to
the life, work, and politics of T. D. Rice, the most important
early blackface minstrel, and his book is the first to collect in
one resource extant plays and lyrics by Rice, many of which Lhamon
has rediscovered. This book makes an important and impressive
contribution to the field.
*Dale Cockrell, author of Demons of Disorder and
Pasticcio and Temperance Plays in America*
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