Mixed Blessings transforms our understanding of the relationship between Indigenous people and Christianity in what is now Canada.
While acknowledging the harm of colonialism, including the trauma inflicted by church-run residential schools, this book challenges the portrayal of Indigenous people as passive victims of malevolent missionaries who experienced a uniformly dark history. Instead, it illuminates the diverse and multifaceted ways that Indigenous communities and individuals across Canada have interacted, and continue to interact, meaningfully with Christianity from the early 1600s to the present.
Ranging widely across time and place, these insightful case studies explore how and why some Indigenous people – including Louis Riel and Edward Ahenakew – historically aligned themselves with Christianity while others did not. It also plumbs the processes and politics involved in combining spiritual traditions and reflects on the role of Christianity in Indigenous communities today.
Mixed Blessings transforms our understanding of the relationship between Indigenous people and Christianity in what is now Canada.
While acknowledging the harm of colonialism, including the trauma inflicted by church-run residential schools, this book challenges the portrayal of Indigenous people as passive victims of malevolent missionaries who experienced a uniformly dark history. Instead, it illuminates the diverse and multifaceted ways that Indigenous communities and individuals across Canada have interacted, and continue to interact, meaningfully with Christianity from the early 1600s to the present.
Ranging widely across time and place, these insightful case studies explore how and why some Indigenous people – including Louis Riel and Edward Ahenakew – historically aligned themselves with Christianity while others did not. It also plumbs the processes and politics involved in combining spiritual traditions and reflects on the role of Christianity in Indigenous communities today.
Introduction: The Mixed Blessings of Encounter / Tolly Bradford and Chelsea Horton
Part 1: Communities in Encounter
1 Reading Rituals: Performance and Religious Encounter in Early Colonial Northeastern North America / Timothy Pearson
2 Managing Alliance, Negotiating Christianity: Haudenosaunee Uses of Anglicanism in Northeastern North America, 1760s-1830s / Elizabeth Elbourne
3 A Subversive Sincerity: The I:yem Memorial, Catholicism, and Political Opportunity in S'olh Téméxw / Amanda Fehr
Part 2: Individuals in Encounter
4 “The Joy My Heart Has Experienced”: Eliza Field Jones and the Transatlantic Missionary World, 1830s-40s / Cecilia Morgan
5 Between García Moreno and Chan Santa Cruz: Riel and the Métis Rebellions / Jean-François Bélisle and Nicole St-Onge
6 Rethinking Edward Ahenakew’s Intellectual Legacy: Expressions of nêhiyawi-mâmitonêyihcikan (Cree Consciousness or Thinking) / Tasha Beeds
Part 3: Contemporary Encounters
7 Aporia, Atrocity, and Religion in the Truth and Reconciliation Commission of Canada / Siphiwe Dube
8 Decolonizing Religious Encounter? Teaching “Indigenous Traditions, Women, and Colonialism” / Denise Nadeau
9 Autoethnography That Breaks Your Heart: Or What Does an Interdisciplinarian Do When What She Was Hoping for Simply Isn’t There? / Carmen Lansdowne
Conclusion: Reflections on Encounter / Tolly Bradford and Chelsea Horton
Index
This collection illuminates how Christianity has proved to be a flexible and charged site of colonial encounter and exchange for Indigenous people in what is now Canada.
Tolly Bradford is an assistant professor of history at Concordia University of Edmonton, where he teaches Canadian and world history. Chelsea Horton is a research consultant working with Indigenous communities in Canada. She completed her PhD in history at the University of British Columbia.
Contributors: Tasha Beeds, Jean-François Bélisle, Siphiwe Dube, Elizabeth Elbourne, Amanda Fehr, Carmen Lansdowne, Cecilia Morgan, Denise Nadeau, Timothy Pearson, and Nicole St-Onge
[Mixed Blessings] is, of course, especially timely given the 2015
release of the Truth and Reconciliation Commission of Canada’s
Final Report… Taken together, the diverse and engaging essays in
the collection suggest that the role of Christianity in Indigenous
life is both intricate and extremely variable.
*Canadian Literature, 236*
Indigenous studies needs more strong volumes like this one to
further conversations about evolving societies and goals. Too many
new works rely on old questions: did Indigenous peoples truly
become Christians? Was Christianity better or worse for Indigenous
societies? Volumes like this one remind us that by letting the
subjects guide our questions instead of imposing our questions on
our subject, better answers emerge.
*Canadian Journal of Native Studies*
Mixed Blessing is a highly readable update on what is happening in
the field of missionary interactions. It exposes the silences – the
factual voids in our understanding of the complex Indigenous
encounters with Christianity in Canada – and for that reason, I
recommend the book to those interested in achieving
reconciliation.
*BC Studies*
Bradford and Horton present an interdisciplinary study that spans
multiple centuries, allowing space for both historical and
theological considerations of First Nations interactions with
Christianity… Divided into three sections that focus on “community,
individual, and contemporary sites of encounter” respectively (6),
Mixed Blessings progresses from detached to increasingly personal
analyses and also moves forward in chronology from investigations
of the 18th century all the way through the present day.
*Transmotion*
This book offers something truly unique that Canadian
historiography very much needs at the moment: a nuanced approach to
Indigenous history which returns agency to First Nations sources
and actors … I would very much like to see a second volume.
*American Review of Canadian Studies*
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