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A collection of essays that situates and furthers contemporary debates around the prospects of democracy in diverse societies within and beyond the West. Negotiating Democracy and Religious Pluralism examines the relationship between the functioning of democracy and the prior existence of religious plurality in three societies outside the West: India, Pakistan, and Turkey. All three societies had on one hand deep
religious diversity and on the other long histories as imperial states that responded to religious diversity through their specific pre-modern imperial institutions. Each country has followed a unique historical trajectory with
regard to crafting democratic institutions to deal with such extreme diversity. The volume focuses on three core themes: historical trends before the modern state's emergence that had lasting effects; the genealogies of both the state and religion in politics and law; and the problem of violence toward and domination over religious out-groups. Volume editors Karen Barkey, Sudipta Kaviarj, and Vatsal Naresh have gathered a group of leading scholars across political science, sociology, history,
and law to examine this multifaceted topic. Together, they illuminate various trajectories of political thought, state policy, and the exercise of social power during and following a transition to
democracy. Just as importantly, they ask us to reflexively examine the political categories and models that shape our understanding of what has unfolded in South Asia and Turkey.
A collection of essays that situates and furthers contemporary debates around the prospects of democracy in diverse societies within and beyond the West. Negotiating Democracy and Religious Pluralism examines the relationship between the functioning of democracy and the prior existence of religious plurality in three societies outside the West: India, Pakistan, and Turkey. All three societies had on one hand deep
religious diversity and on the other long histories as imperial states that responded to religious diversity through their specific pre-modern imperial institutions. Each country has followed a unique historical trajectory with
regard to crafting democratic institutions to deal with such extreme diversity. The volume focuses on three core themes: historical trends before the modern state's emergence that had lasting effects; the genealogies of both the state and religion in politics and law; and the problem of violence toward and domination over religious out-groups. Volume editors Karen Barkey, Sudipta Kaviarj, and Vatsal Naresh have gathered a group of leading scholars across political science, sociology, history,
and law to examine this multifaceted topic. Together, they illuminate various trajectories of political thought, state policy, and the exercise of social power during and following a transition to
democracy. Just as importantly, they ask us to reflexively examine the political categories and models that shape our understanding of what has unfolded in South Asia and Turkey.
Introduction
Karen Barkey, University of California - Berkeley; Sudipta Kaviraj,
Columbia University; and Vatsal Naresh, Yale University
Section I: Historical perspectives
Chapter 1: Islam, Modernity, and the Question of Religious
Heterodoxy: From Early Modern Empires to Modern Nation-States
Sadia Saeed, University of San Francisco
Chapter 2: Liberalism and the Path to Treason in the Ottoman
Empire, 1908-1923
Christine Philliou, University of California-Berkeley
Chapter 3: Fatal Love: Intimacy and Interest in Indian Political
Thought
Faisal Devji, University of Oxford
Chapter 4: Conflict, Secularism, and Toleration
Uday Singh Mehta, City University of New York
Chapter 5: Representative Democracy and Religious Thought in South
Asia: Abul A'la Maududi and Vinayak Damodar Savarkar
Humeira Iqtidar, King's College London
Section II: Genealogies of state and religion
Chapter 6: Religious Pluralism and the State in India: Towards a
Typology
Rochana Bajpai, SOAS, University of London
Chapter 7: Is Turkey a Postsecular Society? Secular
Differentiation, Committed Pluralism, and Complementary Learning in
Contemporary Turkey
Ates Altinordu, Sabanci University
Chapter 8: The Meaning of Religious Freedom: From Ireland and India
to the Islamic Republic of Pakistan
Matthew J. Nelson, SOAS, University of London
Chapter 9: The Limits of Pluralism: A Perspective on Religious
Freedom in Indian Constitutional Law
Mathew John, Jindal Global Law School
Chapter 10: Plurality and Pluralism: Democracy, Religious
Difference and Political Imagination
Sudipta Kaviraj, Columbia University
Section III: Violence and domination
Chapter 11: Pakistan's Blasphemy Laws vs. Religious Freedom
Fatima Bokhari, Musawi
Chapter 12: Modalities of Violence: Lessons from Hindu Nationalist
India
Amrita Basu, Amherst College
Chapter 13: Legal Contention and Minorities in Turkey: The Case of
the Kurds and Alevis
Senem Aslan, Bates College
Chapter 14: "Stranger, Enemy": Anti-Shia Hostility and Annihilatory
Politics in Pakistan
Nosheen Ali, New York University
Chapter 15: Thinking through Majoritarian Domination in Turkey and
India
Karen Barkey, University of California - Berkeley; and Vatsal
Naresh, Yale University
Karen Barkey is the Haas Distinguished Chair of Religious Diversity
at the Othering & Belonging Institute and Professor of Sociology at
the University of California, Berkeley. She is also currently the
Director of the Center for the Study of Democracy, Toleration, and
Religion (CDTR).
Sudipta Kaviraj is a Professor of Indian Politics and Intellectual
History at Columbia University.
Vatsal Naresh is a PhD student in Political Science at Yale
University.
Negotiating Democracy and Religious Pluralism significantly
contributes to comparative politics, history, sociology of
religion, and religious studies. It is a candidate to become a
reference book for those who study religion and politics in Turkey,
Southeast Asia, and beyond.
*Ramazan Kılınc, Journal of Church and State*
A must read for students and experts in political science, law,
sociology and history, or anyone interested in issues related to
democracy and religion—this historically-grounded collection offers
a crucial corrective to conventional theories and provides highly
original perspectives on one of the most complicated and timely
questions of our era: how to establish and maintain democratic
government under conditions of religious heterogeneity.
*Hanna Lerner, Tel Aviv University*
This collection of fifteen essays probes the relationship of
secularism, religion, and majoritarian power, highlighting the
internal heterogeneities and unevenness of experiences of citizens.
Grounding the work of democracy historically, this volume
evocatively argues that perilous democracy is the reality of India,
Pakistan, and Turkey.
*Yasmin Saikia, Professor of History and Hardt-Nickachos Chair in
Peace Studies, Arizona State University*
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