This volume of 35 new essays explores ethical questions related to animal minds, vegetarianism, the human use of animals, and a broad range of other issues, proposing practical solutions to problems and in some cases offering philosophical insights on topics previously unexamined by philosophers.

Tom L. Beauchamp is Professor of Philosophy, Georgetown University and Senior Research Scholar, Kennedy Institute of Ethics R. G. Frey (1941-2012) was Professor of Philosophy at Bowling Green State University.

Preface; Contributors; Introduction; PART I. HISTORY OF PHILOSOPHY; 1. Animals in Classical and Late Antique Philosophy; 2. Animals and Ethics in the History of Modern Philosophy; PART II. TYPES OF ETHICAL THEORY; 3. Interacting with Animals: A Kantian Approach; 4. Virtue Ethics and the Treatment of Animals; 5. A Humean Account of the Status and Character of Animals; 6. Rights Theory and Animal Rights; 7. The Capabilities Approach and Animal Entitlements; PART III. MORAL STATUS AND PERSON THEORY; 8. The Idea of Moral Standing; 9. Animals, Fundamental Moral Standing, and Speciesism; 10. Human Animals and Nonhuman Persons; 11. Are Nonhuman Animals Persons?; PART IV. ANIMAL MINDS AND THEIR MORAL SIGNIFICANCE; 12. Animal Mentality: Its Character, Extent, and Moral Significance; 13. Mindreading and Moral Significance in Nonhuman Animals; 14. Minimal Minds; 15. Beyond Anthropomorphism: Attributing Psychological Properties to Animals; 16. The Relationship between Cognitive Sophistication and Pain in Animals; 17. Animals that Act for Moral Reasons; 18. The Moral Life of Animals; PART V. SPECIES AND THE ENGINEERING OF SPECIES; 19. On the Origin of Species Notions and Their Ethical Limitations; 20. On the Nature of Species and the Moral Significance of their Extinction; 21. Are All Species Equal?; 22. Genetically Modified Animals: Should There Be Limits to Engineering the Animal Kingdom?; 23. Human/Nonhuman Chimeras: Assessing the Issues; PART VI. PRACTICAL ETHICS; 24. The Moral Relevance of the Distinction between Domesticated and Wild Animals; 25. The Moral Significance of Animal Pain and Animal Death; 26. The Ethics of Confining Animals: From Farms to Zoos to Human Homes; 27. Keeping Pets; 28. Animal Experimentation in Biomedical Research; 29. The Application of Biotechnology to Animals in Agriculture; 30. Environmental Ethics, Hunting, and the Place of Animals; 31. Vegetarianism; 32. The Use of Animals in Toxicological Research; 33. What's Ethics Got to Do with It? The Roles of Government Regulation in Research-Animal Protection; 34. Literary Works and Animal Ethics; Index