Table of Contents

Introduction: Archaeology of Sahul by Ian J. McNiven and Bruno David

The Thick Darkness of Pre-Historic Time: Antiquarian Archaeology in Nineteenth-Century Colonial Victoria by Ian J. McNiven

History of Archaeology in Papua New Guinea: The Early Years Up to 1960 by Glenn R. Summerhayes

Trans-Disciplinary Approaches to the Past in New Guinea by Chris Ballard

Oral Tradition, History, and Archaeohistory of Indigenous Australia by Iain Davidson, Heather Burke, Lynley A. Wallis, Pearl Connelly, Lance Sullivan, Hazel Sullivan, Stephen Porter, and Isabel Tarragó

Cultural Heritage and Contract Archaeology in Australia and New Guinea by Joanna Fresløv

Museum Collections and their Legacies by Lindy Allen

Island Hopping to Sahul by Kasih Norman, Sue O'Connor, and Michael Bird

Australia's First People: Oldest Sites and Early Culture by Chris Clarkson, Kasih Norman, Sue O'Connor, Jane Balme, Peter Veth, and Ceri Shipton

Interactions with Megafauna by Chris N. Johnson, Joe Dortch, and Trevor H. Worthy

What Does DNA Tell Us about Past Connections and the Settlement of Sahul? by Elizabeth Matisoo-Smith and Anna L. Gosling

Fire and the Transformation of Landscapes by Cassandra Rowe, Janelle Stevenson, Simon Connor, and Matthew Adeleye

Beyond Agriculture: Ditch Networks in the New Guinea Landscape by Chris Ballard

Enhanced Ecologies and Ecosystem Engineering: Strategies Developed by Aboriginal Australians to Increase the Abundance of Animal Resources by Ian J. McNiven, Tiina Manne, and Anne Ross

The Coming of the Dingo by Jane Balme and Sue O'Connor

Engaging and Designing Place: Furnishings and the Architecture of Archaeological Sites in Aboriginal Australia by Bruno David, Jean-Jacques Delannoy, Chris Urwin, Joanna Fresløv, Russell Mullett, and Christine Phillips

The Big Flood: Responding to Sea-Level Rise and the Inundated Continental Shelf by Jonathan Benjamin and Sean Ulm

Past Aboriginal Populations and Demographic Change Using Radiocarbon Data and Time-Series Analysis by Alan Williams, Sean Ulm, and M. A. Smith

Persistence of Complexity: Continuation of Intensification, Population Change, and Socio-Structural Change in Current Debates in Australian Archaeology by Harry Lourandos and Anne Ross

Boundaries, Relationality, and Style Provinces in Australian Rock Art by Madeleine Kelly and Liam M. Brady

Australian Indigenous Ochres: Use, Sourcing, and Exchange by Jillian Huntley

Axe Quarrying, Production, and Exchange in Australia and New Guinea by Anne Ford and Peter Hiscock

Shell Valuables and Exchange Systems in New Guinea by Kat Szabó

Language Evolution and Spread by Patrick McConvell and Nick Evans

Stone Tool Manufacture and Use by Chris Clarkson

Mortars and Pestles Make the Mid-Holocene Occupation of New Guinea and the Bismarck Archipelago Visible by Pamela Swadling

Pottery Exchange Systems in New Guinea by Glenn R. Summerhayes

Coral Sea Cultural Interaction Sphere by Ian J. McNiven

Maritime Coastal and Island Societies of Australia and New Guinea by Michael Rowland, Ben Shaw, and Sean Ulm

Below the Sky, Above the Clouds: The Archaeology of the Australian High Country by Joanna Fresløv and Russell Mullett

The Archaeology of Social Transformation in the New Guinea Highlands by Dylan Gaffney and Tim Denham

Beyond the Barriers: A New Model for the Settlement of Australian Deserts by Peter Veth, Jo McDonald, and Peter Hiscock

Murray River Societies in Australia through the Lens of Bioarchaeology by Judith Littleton, Sarah Karstens, and Harry Allen

Swamp and Delta Societies of the Papuan Gulf, Papua New Guinea by Chris Urwin, James W. Rhoads, and Joshua A. Bell

Historisizing the "Dreaming": An Archaeological Perspective from Arid Australia by M. A. Smith

Dugongs and Turtles as Kin: Relational Ontologies and Archaeological Perspectives on Ritualized Hunting by Coastal Indigenous Australians by Ian J. McNiven

Rock Art Modification and its Ritualized and Relational Contexts by Liam M. Brady, R. G. Gunn, and Joakim Goldhahn

Asian Traders and Macassan Trepangers by Daryl Wesley

Whaling and Sealing in Nineteenth-Century Australia by Martin Gibbs and Lynette Russell

Fatal Frontier: Temporal and Spatial Considerations of the Native Mounted Police and Colonial Violence Across Queensland by Lynley A. Wallis, Heather Burke, Bryce Barker, and Noelene Cole

Missions and Reserves by Jeremy Ash

The Archaeology of Agrarian Australia by Alistair Paterson

Contact Rock Art by Jo McDonald, Ursula K. Frederick

The Development (and Imagined Reinvention) of Australian Archaeology in the Twentieth Century by Chris Urwin and Matthew Spriggs

Approaching Indigenous Archaeologies in Australia by Christopher Wilson

Earth Mounding in the Western District of Victoria by Julian Dunn

Flaked Stone Tools of Holocene Sahul: Case studies from Northern Australia and Papua New Guinea by Tim Ryan Maloney

Plant Exploitation and Long-Term Cultural Change in Sahul: The Archaeobotanical Perspective by Stephanie Florin and Andrew Fairbairn

Stone-Walled Fish Traps of Australia and New Guinea as Expressions of Enhanced Sociality by Ian J. McNiven and Ariana B. J. Lambrides

About the Author

Professor Ian J. McNiven (Monash University, and Chief Investigator with the Australian Research Council Centre for Excellence for Australian Biodiversity and Heritage) is an anthropological archaeologist who specialises in understanding the long-term development of Australian Indigenous coastal societies with a focus on the archaeology of seascapes and ritual and spiritual relationships with the sea. He is an elected member of the Australian
Academy of the Humanities. In addition to over 180 refereed journal papers and book chapters, his 16 books include The Oxford Handbook of the Archaeology and Anthropology of Rock Art (OUP, 2018), Appropriated Pasts:
Indigenous Peoples and the Colonial Culture of Archaeology (AltaMira Press, 2005), and Constructions of Colonialism: Perspectives on Eliza Fraser's Shipwreck (Leicester University Press, 1998).

Professor Bruno David (Monash University, and Chief Investigator with the Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Australian Biodiversity and Heritage) is an archaeologist who specialises in the archaeology of Australia and the western Pacific, landscape archaeology, and rock art. He has long-practiced transdisciplinary approaches to archaeology, investigating the past through multiple disciplinary approaches in partnership research programs requested by local
Indigenous communities. He has undertaken field research in Australia, Egypt, Papua New Guinea, the U.S.A., and Vanuatu. He has published hundreds of academic and popular articles on various dimensions of archaeology, and
17 books, the most recent including: The Oxford Handbook of the Archaeology and Anthropology of Rock Art (OUP, 2018), Cave Art (Thames & Hudson, 2017), and Hiri: Archaeology of Maritime Trade along the South Coast of Papua New Guinea (University of Hawaii Press, 2017). He currently researches community archaeology with the GunaiKurnai Land and Waters Aboriginal Corporation of East Gippsland, southeastern Australia.