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IC designers appraise currently MOS transistor geometries and currents to compromise objectives like gain-bandwidth, slew-rate, dynamic range, noise, non-linear distortion, etc. Making optimal choices is a difficult task. How to minimize for instance the power consumption of an operational amplifier without too much penalty regarding area while keeping the gain-bandwidth unaffected in the same time? Moderate inversion yields high gains, but the concomitant area increase adds parasitics that restrict bandwidth. Which methodology to use in order to come across the best compromise(s)? Is synthesis a mixture of design experience combined with cut and tries or is it a constrained multivariate optimization problem, or a mixture? Optimization algorithms are attractive from a system perspective of course, but what about low-voltage low-power circuits, requiring a more physical approach? The connections amid transistor physics and circuits are intricate and their interactions not always easy to describe in terms of existing software packages.
The gm/ID synthesis methodology is adapted to CMOS analog circuits for the transconductance over drain current ratio combines most of the ingredients needed in order to determine transistors sizes and DC currents.
Dr. Paul Jespers is Professor Emeritus at UCL, Louvain-la-Neuf, Belgium, and has been visiting professor at Stanford ('67-'69) and UC Berkeley ('90-'91).
He has co-authored several books, and in 2001 published "Integrated Digital-to-Analog and Analog-to-Digital Converters" which was published by Wiley (ISBN 0-19-856446-5)
IC designers appraise currently MOS transistor geometries and currents to compromise objectives like gain-bandwidth, slew-rate, dynamic range, noise, non-linear distortion, etc. Making optimal choices is a difficult task. How to minimize for instance the power consumption of an operational amplifier without too much penalty regarding area while keeping the gain-bandwidth unaffected in the same time? Moderate inversion yields high gains, but the concomitant area increase adds parasitics that restrict bandwidth. Which methodology to use in order to come across the best compromise(s)? Is synthesis a mixture of design experience combined with cut and tries or is it a constrained multivariate optimization problem, or a mixture? Optimization algorithms are attractive from a system perspective of course, but what about low-voltage low-power circuits, requiring a more physical approach? The connections amid transistor physics and circuits are intricate and their interactions not always easy to describe in terms of existing software packages.
The gm/ID synthesis methodology is adapted to CMOS analog circuits for the transconductance over drain current ratio combines most of the ingredients needed in order to determine transistors sizes and DC currents.
Dr. Paul Jespers is Professor Emeritus at UCL, Louvain-la-Neuf, Belgium, and has been visiting professor at Stanford ('67-'69) and UC Berkeley ('90-'91).
He has co-authored several books, and in 2001 published "Integrated Digital-to-Analog and Analog-to-Digital Converters" which was published by Wiley (ISBN 0-19-856446-5)
Preface. Notations. Chapter 1. Sizing the Intrinsic Gain Stage. Chapter 2. The Charge Sheet Model revisited. Chapter 3. Graphical interpretation of the Charge Sheet Model. Chapter 4. Compact modeling. Chapter 5. The real transistor. Chapter 6. The real Intrinsic Gain Stage. Chapter 7. The common gate configuration. Chapter 8. Sizing the Miller Op. Amp. Annex 1. How to utilize the C.D. ROM data. Annex 2. The MATLAB toolbox. Annex 3. Temperature and Mismatch, from C.S.M. to E.K.V. Annex 4. E.K.V. intrinsic capacitance models. Bibliography. Index.
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